21st Century U.S. Military Manuals: Marine Corps Manual - Basic Publication of the United States Marine Corps
U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Military, Department of Defense
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CHAPTER 1 - GENERAL ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 3 - OPERATIONS AND READINESS
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MARINE CORPS MANUAL
W/CH 1-3
1980
DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY
Headquarters United States Marine Corps
Washington, D.C. 20380
PCN 50100342500
THE COMMANDANT OF THE MARINE CORPS WASHINGTON
21 Mar 1980
MARINE CORPS MANUAL
INTRODUCTION
0001. PURPOSE AND FORCE
1. The Marine Corps Manual is the basic publication of the United States Marine Corps issued by the Commandant of the Marine Corps and approved by the Secretary of the Navy. It is a regulatory publication for the Department of the Navy as defined in U.S. Navy Regulations.
2. The Marine Corps Manual is binding upon all persons in the Department of the Navy in matters concerning Marines and the Marine Corps.
0002. SCOPE
1. The Marine Corps Manual supplements U.S. Navy Regulations with:
a. Regulations of the Secretary of the Navy for the Marine Corps.
b. Delineations of the fields of authority of the Commandant of the Marine Corps.
c. Regulations of the Commandant of the Marine Corps implementing U.S. Navy Regulations.
2. The Marine Corps Manual contains broad regulatory policies of the Commandant of the Marine Corps either originated within the Marine Corps or derived from statutes and from directives of the President of the United States, the Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of the Navy.
0003. USE
1. The Marine Corps Manual is designed primarily for use by Marine Corps commanders and their staffs, Navy officers exercising command over Marines, the staff of the Commandant of the Marine Corps, and the staffs of the bureaus and offices of the Navy Department.
2. The Marine Corps Manual should be used with U.S. Navy Regulations to ascertain departmental policy as it relates to the Marine Corps. When details on a specific subject are desired, the manual should be used with Marine Corps directives and other applicable issuances of the Department of the Navy.
0004. ORGANIZATION. Contents of the Marine Corps Manual are arranged by broad subject areas. The pages are numbered consecutively within chapters.
0005. CHANGES. Changes to the Marine Corps Manual will be issued by the Commandant of the Marine Corps in accordance with the authority delegated to that office by the Secretary of the Navy. All users are asked to make recommendations for revision. Changes will be designed for insertion on a page-for-page basis. A record of changes made will be maintained on the page provided for that purpose.
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GENERAL ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
SECTION A - ORGANIZATION, FUNCTIONS, AND COMMAND
1000. ORGANIZATION OF THE MARINE CORPS
1. Origin and Authority
a. The United States Marine Corps was created on November 10,1775 by a resolution of the Continental Congress which authorized two battalions of Marines. On July 11, 1798, the Marine Corps was established as a separate service and in 1834 was made a part of the Department of the Navy. The National Security Act of 1947, as amended, sets forth the present structure, missions, and functions of the Marine Corps.
b. The Secretary of the Navy is the head of the Department of the Navy. Under the direction, authority, and control of the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of the Navy is responsible for the policies and control of the Department of the Navy, including its organization, administration, operation, and efficiency. The United States Marine Corps is an integral part of the Department of the Navy and is, at all times, subject to its laws and regulations.
c. The authority of the Commandant of the Marine Corps flows from the reassignment and delegation of authority vested in the Secretary of the Navy. The Commandant of the Marine Corps commands the United States Marine Corps and is the senior officer of the United States Marine Corps. Succession to duties of the Commandant of the Marine Corps during absence, disability, or temporary vacancy in that office is detailed in the U.S. Navy Regulations.
2. Mission and Functions
a. The Marine Corps shall be organized, trained, and equipped to:
(1) Provide Fleet Marine Forces of combined arms, together with supporting air components, for service with the United States Fleet in the seizure or defense of advanced naval bases and for the conduct of such land operations as may be essential to the prosecution of a naval campaign.
(2) Provide detachments and organizations for service on armed vessels of the Navy, and security detachments for the protection of naval property at naval stations and bases.
(3) Develop, in coordination with the Army, Navy, and Air Force, the doctrines, tactics, techniques, and equipment employed by landing forces in amphibious operations. The Marine Corps shall have primary interest in the development of those landing force doctrines, tactics, techniques, and equipment which are of common interest to the Army and the Marine Corps.
(4) Provide, as required, Marine forces for airborne operations, in coordination with the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force and in accordance with doctrines established by the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
(5) Develop, in coordination with the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force, doctrines, procedures, and equipment of interest to the Marine Corps for airborne operations which are not provided for by the Army.
(6) Be prepared, in accordance with integrated joint mobilization plans, for the expansion of the peacetime components to meet the needs of war.
(7) Perform such other duties as the President may direct.
b. The collateral functions of the Marine Corps are to:
(1) Maintain a Marine Corps Reserve for the purpose of providing trained units and qualified individuals to be available for active duty in the Marine Corps in time of war or national emergency and at such other times as the national security may require.
(2) Provide Marine officer and enlisted personnel in support of the Department of State security program overseas.
c. The implied functions of the Marine Corps are to:
(1) Organize, train, and equip Marine Corps forces for assignment to unified and specified commands in support of national war plans.
(2) Assign such forces to unified and specified commands, as directed.
(3) Support Marine Corps and other forces assigned to unified and specified commands, as directed.
(4) Be prepared, in accordance with integrated joint mobilization plans, to expand peacetime components to meet the needs of war.
d. Marine Corps aviation shall be organized to provide supporting air components for the Fleet Marine Forces in the seizure or defense of advanced naval bases and in the conduct of such land operations as may be essential to the prosecution of a naval campaign; and, as a collateral function, to participate as an integral component of naval aviation in the execution of such other Navy functions as the fleet commanders may direct.
3. Military Service
a. The Marine Corps is one of four armed services within the Department of Defense. In conduct of interservice matters, the Marine Corps has a coequal status with each of the other services. The Commandant of the Marine Corps is
a "Chief of Service."
b. All Marine Corps commanders and representatives on joint staffs and joint working groups will ensure that the status of the Marine Corps as a separate service with all the rights, privileges, duties, and responsibilities as such is recognized and maintained in all directives, plans, and agreements involving the Marine Corps.
1001. HEADQUARTERS, UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS
1. Organization. Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, consists of the Commandant of the Marine Corps and those staff agencies which advise and assist the Commandant in the discharge of those responsibilities prescribed by law and higher authority. The internal organization of Headquarters Marine Corps is described in the Headquarters Marine Corps Organization Manual.
2. Responsibility
a. The Commandant of the Marine Corps is directly responsible to the Secretary of the Navy for administration, discipline, internal organization, training, requirements, efficiency, readiness of the Marine Corps; for the operation of the Marine Corps materiel support system; and for the total performance of the Marine Corps.
Additional responsibilities are set forth in the U.S. Navy Regulations. Additionally, the Commandant of the Marine Corps is assigned the following:
(1) Responsibility for that portion of the task of "logistics administration and control" of the Department of the Navy which includes:
(a) Planning, forecasting, and determining the requirements of the Marine Corps for equipment, materiel, personnel1 and supporting services.
(b) Determining Marine Corps characteristics of equipment and materiel to be procured for development and the training required to prepare Marine Corps personnel for combat.
(c) Working with the civilian executive assistants to the Secretary of the Navy in fulfillment of requirements of the Marine Corps.
(2) Responsibility for the task of "business administration" of the Marine Corps with the civilian executive assistants to the Secretary of the Navy.
(3) The providing of technical advice to the Secretary of the Navy, the civilian executive assistants, and the Chief of Naval Operations in the formulation of policies and procedures for the Department of the Navy.
(4) The development, in coordination with the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force, of the doctrines, tactics, techniques, and equipment employed by landing forces in amphibious operations.
(5) Regularly attending meetings of the Armed Forces Policy Council.
b. The Commandant of the Marine Corps is a permanent member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
c. The Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps performs the duties of the Commandant during the latter's absence or disability, and performs such other duties as the Commandant may specifically direct.
3. Field Activities
a. The Commanding General, Marine Corps Development and Education Command, is responsible for conducting formal professional education and training for employment by landing forces in amphibious operations. In this capacity the commanding general shall act as a field representative of the Commandant of the Marine Corps in landing force development matters.